CTICasesAnastomotic Bronchial Stenosis after Lung Transplantation
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Imaging findings
Thin-section chest CT of a single-lung transplant recipient demonstrates progressive, focal narrowing at the bronchial anastomosis. The stenosis involves the distal left main bronchus, left upper lobe bronchus, and superior segmental bronchus of the lower lobe. Volume-rendered 3D reconstructions of the tracheobronchial tree clearly demonstrate the location, focal nature, and severity of the airway stenoses.
Key takeaways
Anastomotic bronchial stenosis is a common airway complication after lung transplantation, often occurring within the first post-operative year due to ischemia, scarring, or poor healing. These lesions can be easily overlooked on standard axial CT scans, making coronal reformats and 3D volume-rendered tracheobronchial reconstructions invaluable tools for identifying, mapping, and planning bronchoscopic dilations or stenting.
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