CTICasesStrongyloides Hyperinfection Syndrome
Imaging findings
CT chest shows diffuse, symmetric centrilobular nodules and bilateral ground-glass opacities, representing hematogenous larval migration. Sputum analysis showed numerous Strongyloides stercoralis larvae. The patient was on high-dose steroids.
Key takeaways
Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome is a life-threatening complication of chronic Strongyloides infection in immunocompromised hosts, especially those on steroids. Larvae migrate from the GI tract to the lungs, causing diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and respiratory failure (ARDA/DAD). Mortality is extremely high.
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