CTICasesInfected Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Imaging findings
A young man has a cystic lesion containing debris that, months later with worsening fever and cough, became completely consolidated with internal air bubbles. This was a congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) that became infected, with pathology showing non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and AFB positivity consistent with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease.
Key takeaways
A CPAM can become infected, sometimes evolving from a cystic lesion with debris to a consolidated mass with air bubbles, and here the superimposed organism was a nontuberculous mycobacterium. Recognizing the underlying congenital malformation as the substrate for recurrent or unusual infection is the key point.
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