CTICasesMediastinal Ewing sarcoma (Ewing sarcoma family of tumors)
Imaging findings
CT scan of a 43-year-old male shows a massive, homogeneous mediastinal mass centered in the subcarinal space, encasing the central pulmonary vessels, airways, and left atrium, accompanied by a pericardial effusion. Pathology confirmed a small round cell tumor with EWSR1 translocation.
Key takeaways
Ewing sarcoma/PNET can rarely present as a primary mediastinal mass. They are highly aggressive tumors characterized by small round blue cells and EWSR1 gene translocations, and can rapidly invade adjacent structures.
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