CTICasesCongenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation
Imaging findings
Chest radiograph and CT in a young woman in her 20s show a large, multi-cystic consolidative lesion with internal fluid levels in the left lower lobe. Excision confirms an infected congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM, formerly CCAM). A follow-up radiograph shows herniation of bowel loops into the left chest, and CT confirms a post-operative diaphragmatic hernia through the left hemidiaphragm, which is subsequently repaired.
Key takeaways
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a multicystic developmental anomaly of the lung. While typically diagnosed prenatally or in infancy, CPAM can present in young adults with recurrent infection, abscess, or hemoptysis. Surgical resection is indicated to treat infections and prevent rare malignant transformation, but post-operative diaphragmatic hernia is a recognized surgical complication that requires repair.
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