Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to Intrapulmonary Lymph Nodes
Imaging findings
A patient with a history of left upper lobe wedge resection for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type) presented with new, larger, and more numerous intrapulmonary nodules, particularly along the fissure. These nodules were previously stable, presumed benign intrapulmonary lymph nodes, observed since 2010. Associated larger hilar nodes were also identified, and some nodules exhibited a change in morphology, becoming more rounded.
Key takeaways
Intrapulmonary lymph nodes, even if stable for prolonged periods in patients with a history of cancer, can become involved with metastatic disease. Changes in morphology, such as transitioning from flat/triangular to more rounded shapes, can be an indicator of malignant transformation. Serial imaging and clinical context are crucial for distinguishing benign from malignant changes in these lesions.
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