CTICasesTracheal Chondrosarcoma
Imaging findings
A young patient referred with a mediastinal mass has a homogeneous, slightly low-attenuation lesion adjacent to the esophagus and trachea with a small endotracheal component and tracheal luminal irregularity, without a visible chondroid matrix. Transtracheal biopsy showed a low-grade chondroid neoplasm, and the resected operative specimen, including a tracheal ring, confirmed a very low-grade chondrosarcoma with negative margins.
Key takeaways
Chondrosarcoma is rare in the mediastinum, more typically arising in the sternum or ribs, and this lesion likely arose from the trachea. A low-grade chondrosarcoma may lack the calcified matrix usually seen in cartilaginous tumors, so a homogeneous mass pushing structures aside without matrix can still be chondrosarcoma, and the endotracheal component here allowed transtracheal biopsy.
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