CTICasesCongenital Bronchial Atresia and Bronchogenic Cyst
Imaging findings
A chest radiograph in an infant shows hyperlucency of the left lung. A chest CT confirms a localized region of hyperlucency and air trapping in the left upper lobe, with a central fluid-filled mucous plug within the atretic bronchus. A separate, subcarinal fluid-attenuation cystic lesion consistent with a bronchogenic cyst is also present, alongside fetal lobulation of the kidneys.
Key takeaways
Congenital bronchial atresia is characterized by a blind-ending segmental bronchus, central mucus impaction, and hyperinflation of the downstream lung tissue due to collateral ventilation. This case illustrates "Caney's law" of congenital anomalies, which states that the presence of one developmental defect (such as bronchial atresia) should prompt a thorough search for other associated anomalies (such as a bronchogenic cyst).
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