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Cystic Pulmonary Metastases from Angiosarcoma with Pneumothorax

Imaging findings

An 81-year-old man with a recurrent head and neck (scalp) angiosarcoma, not previously known to have lung metastases, presented before radiation planning with a sizable left pneumothorax and bilateral thin-walled cysts. CT shows numerous thin-walled cystic lesions, some with a little more wall and a surrounding ground-glass halo, with presumed rupture of one on the left causing the pneumothorax. A PET two to three months earlier had shown right-lung changes read as likely infection.

Key takeaways

Angiosarcoma characteristically produces cystic pulmonary metastases, often with a surrounding ground-glass halo (likely tumor matrix or neovascularity rather than hemorrhage, since it does not change), and rupture can cause spontaneous pneumothorax. Rapidly appearing cystic lesions in a patient with an aggressive sarcoma should raise metastatic disease, and an earlier PET focus dismissed as infection may in retrospect represent early metastasis.

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