CTICasesMediastinal Germ Cell Tumor (Yolk Sac Tumor)
Imaging findings
A 2-year-old presented with dyspnea due to a very large, heterogeneous, extensively enhancing interpericardial mass. The mass was associated with a significant pericardial effusion, compressing the SVC, positioned posterior to the aorta and anterior to the left atrium, and appeared to invade through the pericardium, encasing surrounding structures. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a mediastinal yolk sac tumor.
Key takeaways
Mediastinal germ cell tumors, including yolk sac tumors, although uncommon, can occur in young children and grow to considerable size within the pericardium (deep to the pericardium, not intramyocardial). These malignant tumors often require initial chemotherapy to reduce tumor burden before surgical resection can be attempted due to their extensive nature and invasion.
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