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Primary Pulmonary Ewing's Sarcoma

Imaging findings

A 23-year-old patient presented with an unusual, large opacity in the left lower chest, possibly initially diagnosed as pneumonia but failing to resolve. CT revealed a large lesion in the left lower lobe, close to the hilar region, associated with a small left pleural effusion, and some slightly enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. Biopsy confirmed it as a sarcoma, with positive EWS or one translocation and characteristic histology.

Key takeaways

In young patients, persistent pulmonary opacities that do not resolve and are not explained by infection should raise suspicion for primary pulmonary tumors, including rare entities like primary pulmonary Ewing's sarcoma. Histopathology and specific genetic testing (e.g., EWS or one translocation) are crucial for definitive diagnosis of such unusual sarcomas.

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