CTICasesMediastinal Liposarcoma
Imaging findings
Chest CT shows a very large, heterogeneous, and primarily fat-containing mass in the anterior and middle mediastinum. The mass displays thick, irregular septations, nodular soft-tissue components, and mass effect on the adjacent mediastinal structures. PET/CT shows heterogeneous FDG uptake within the soft-tissue components of the mass, and biopsy confirms liposarcoma.
Key takeaways
Primary mediastinal liposarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors that typically present as slowly enlarging, fat-containing mediastinal masses. They must be differentiated from benign thymolipomas or lipomas. The presence of thick septations, nodular soft-tissue enhancement, and FDG avidity on PET are key features that favor liposarcoma, requiring complete surgical resection.
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