CTICasesPost-ARDS Anterior Predominant Pulmonary Fibrosis
Imaging findings
High-resolution chest CT scans demonstrate severe, anterior-predominant lung fibrosis characterized by architectural distortion, volume loss, traction bronchiectasis, and a resolving, loculated anterior pneumothorax. Earlier scans during the acute phase of severe Influenza A infection demonstrate diffuse, bilateral ground-glass opacities, dependent lung consolidation, and extensive bronchial dilation consistent with ARDS and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD).
Key takeaways
Severe lung injury from ARDS can lead to a characteristic pattern of anterior-predominant pulmonary fibrosis. This anterior distribution is believed to result from barotrauma/volutrauma in non-dependent, ventilated areas of the lung during prolonged mechanical ventilation, while the consolidated, dependent lung is relatively protected.
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