CTICasesSpeculative Pulmonary Manifestation of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Imaging findings
Chest CT demonstrates diffuse, bilateral pulmonary consolidations and ground-glass opacities with a "crazy paving" appearance, superimposed on underlying centrilobular emphysema, along with developing pleural effusions. These acute lung injury findings occurred in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia and acute kidney injury secondary to suspected tumor lysis syndrome.
Key takeaways
Pulmonary manifestations of tumor lysis syndrome are rare and can present as severe acute lung injury (capillary leak syndrome or non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema) mimicking hydrostatic edema or infection. Clinicians should recognize this potential metabolic complication in leukemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy who present with acute respiratory symptoms and systemic electrolyte abnormalities.
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