CTICasesWarfarin-Induced Tracheobronchial Calcification
Imaging findings
CT shows diffuse, dense, circumferential calcification of the tracheobronchial tree (bronchial walls) in a relatively young patient, extending down into the lobar and segmental branches.
Key takeaways
Long-term warfarin therapy is a well-known cause of tracheobronchial calcification. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of matrix Gla protein (MGP), a potent local inhibitor of tissue calcification, thereby leading to accelerated calcification of cartilaginous structures. It is typically a benign, asymptomatic finding.
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