CTICasesPulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Imaging findings
CT chest shows an elongated, sausage-like vascular nodule in the left lung with a dilated feeding artery and draining vein, consistent with a simple pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).
Key takeaways
Pulmonary AVMs are highly associated with HHT (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease). Because these lesions bypass the capillary bed, they cause a right-to-left shunt, leading to chronic hypoxia. Crucially, the loss of the capillary filter allows emboli to travel directly into the systemic circulation, predisposing patients to paradoxical emboli, stroke, and brain abscesses, particularly in patients who use intravenous drugs.
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