CTICasesCystic Fibrosis with Massive Bronchial Collaterals
Imaging findings
CT chest in a 71-year-old with cystic fibrosis shows typical features of bronchiectasis and tree-in-bud mucus plugging, associated with massive, dilated bronchial arterial collaterals arising from the thoracic aorta and draining into the pulmonary arteries.
Key takeaways
Chronic inflammatory lung diseases like cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis cause severe ischemia, promoting angiogenesis and the development of massive systemic bronchial arterial collaterals. These collaterals can cause severe hemoptysis and lead to contrast dilution artifact on CT pulmonary angiography due to the inflow of unopacified systemic blood.
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