CTICasesThymic Lymphoid Hyperplasia
Imaging findings
CT and MRI chest scans in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome show diffuse, symmetric enlargement of both thymic lobes with scattered soft tissue nodules and associated pericardial effusion. MRI chemical shift imaging shows typical signal drop-off on out-of-phase sequences, indicating microscopic fat interspersed within the hyperplastic lymphoid tissue.
Key takeaways
Thymic lymphoid hyperplasia is characterized by the presence of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers in the thymus, strongly associated with autoimmune conditions like Sjögren's, myasthenia gravis, and systemic sclerosis. MRI with chemical shift imaging (in-phase and out-of-phase) is excellent for differentiating hyperplastic tissue from thymic neoplasms.
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