CTICasesDiffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia (DIPNECH)
[...]. Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia (DIPNECH). CTICases. Published October 1, 2026. https://cticases.com/c/ukvkx
Imaging findings
The chest radiograph shows a calcified granuloma, cardiomegaly with a TAVR, mitral annular calcification, and mitral clips, and the lungs look patchy. CT shows numerous pulmonary nodules, more prominent in the lower lungs, with widespread mosaic attenuation from air trapping. There are several larger lesions, including one in the left lower lobe, which are the most suspicious for a carcinoid tumor.
Key takeaways
Many small nodules combined with mosaic attenuation and air trapping, especially in a middle-aged or older woman, should suggest DIPNECH. Some nodules may be carcinoid tumorlets or true carcinoid tumors. The largest or growing nodules are the most suspicious and are the ones to target.
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