CTICasesPulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm secondary to Swan-Ganz Catheterization
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Imaging findings
Chest radiographs demonstrate a new, well-demarcated nodule in the right mid-to-lower lung zone that evolved from a prior focal consolidation. The patient had developed severe hemoptysis following right heart catheterization. Contrast-enhanced coronary CTA demonstrates a small, enhancing pseudoaneurysm arising from a branch of the right pulmonary artery, directly correlating with the radiographic nodule.
Key takeaways
Pulmonary artery rupture and pseudoaneurysm formation are rare but highly lethal complications of pulmonary artery catheterization, typically occurring during balloon inflation for wedge pressure measurements. While acute rupture carries a high immediate mortality rate, patients who survive can develop pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms that present as progressive, well-circumscribed radiographic nodules. These require prompt embolization or surgical repair due to the risk of delayed rupture.
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