CTICasesMiliary Tuberculosis
Imaging findings
Chest radiograph and high-resolution CT show diffuse, random micro-nodules (miliary pattern) with an upper lung zone predominance. Additionally, there is a focal area of consolidation with surrounding tree-in-bud nodules and bronchiolitis in the posterior segment of the right upper lobe, along with bulky mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy.
Key takeaways
Miliary tuberculosis represents hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While classical hematogenous metastases are lower-lobe predominant, miliary TB can occasionally demonstrate an upper-lung predominance, possibly due to differences in regional oxygen tension. Patients with miliary disease may have negative pre-bronchoscopy sputum smears if they lack a productive cough, but bronchoscopy can mobilize bacilli, leading to positive post-bronchoscopy sputa.
AI-assisted summary — may contain errors. Verify against the source video. Learn more
More from this webinar
- Multiple Elastofibromas (including Elastofibroma Dorsi)Neoplastic
- Coal Worker's PneumoconiosisExposure
- Intrapericardial LipomaNeoplastic
- Posterior Shoulder Dislocation with Reverse Bankart and Humeral FractureTrauma
- Radiation Pneumonitis post-SABRILD
- Transient Diaphragmatic Paralysis Secondary to Interscalene BlockIatrogenic
- Massive Pulmonary Embolism Mimicking Hilar AdenopathyVascular
- Pulmonary Infarction Secondary to Tumor Vessel EncasementNeoplastic
See all cases from January 29, 2021 →