CTICasesMelorheostosis with Chest Wall and Airway Involvement
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Imaging findings
Multiple dense masses arose from cortical bone (clavicle, sternum, ribs) with thickened cortical bone, resembling a "dripping appearance." These masses had been present and gradually enlarged over 40 years. Crucially, masses also arose from cartilaginous/bony structures along the airways, including the trachea and main bronchi, on the right side.
Key takeaways
Melorheostosis is a rare, benign sclerosing bone dysplasia. This case demonstrated very significant and severe findings, including the classic "flowing hyperostosis" or "dripping candle wax" appearance affecting the chest wall bones (clavicle, sternum, ribs) and, notably, the airways, leading to obstruction. The trachea and bronchi had bony growths. The long-standing, progressive nature of the disease and its impact on the airways were key teaching points.
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