CTICasesRasmussen Aneurysm
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a patient with a history of tuberculosis presenting with hemoptysis shows a thin-walled left upper lobe cavity containing layered fluid/blood. A contrast-enhanced scan demonstrates a small, focal out-pouching (pseudoaneurysm) arising from a branch of the left upper lobe pulmonary artery along the wall of the cavity.
Key takeaways
A Rasmussen aneurysm is a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm that arises within a tuberculous cavity. The chronic tuberculous inflammation erodes the outer wall of the pulmonary artery branch adjacent to the cavity, leading to wall weakening and pseudoaneurysm formation. Rupture of a Rasmussen aneurysm is a classic cause of massive hemoptysis in patients with active or chronic cavitary TB.
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