CTICasesPanlobular emphysema
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a 40-year-old female smoker shows massive hyperinflation and near-complete destruction of the right middle lobe parenchyma (vanishing lung), displacing the right upper and lower lobes and simulating congenital lobar emphysema. The right middle lobe pulmonary artery branches are severely attenuated but present.
Key takeaways
Vanishing lung syndrome typically presents in young male smokers as large bullae in the upper lobes. In rare instances, it can present as asymmetric, isolated panlobular emphysema of an entire lobe in female smokers, which must be differentiated from congenital lobar emphysema.
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