CTICasesBroncholithiasis
Imaging findings
CT chest shows a large, calcified mediastinal/hilar lymph node directly eroding into and protruding into the lumen of the bronchus intermedius, without distal atelectasis or post-obstructive pneumonia.
Key takeaways
Broncholithiasis occurs when a calcified lymph node (usually from past histoplasmosis or tuberculosis) erodes through the bronchial wall. It can present endobronchially, mimicking a foreign body or neoplasm, and can cause hemoptysis, cough, or distal atelectasis. Bronchoscopic management requires caution due to vascular proximity.
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