CTICasesBehçet's Disease with Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Imaging findings
An initial chest radiograph is unremarkable, but a follow-up radiograph three months later reveals a large mass-like consolidation in the left lung base. Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrates a large pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm arising from a lower lobe pulmonary artery, accompanied by a contralateral pleural effusion. Post-treatment CT following endovascular intervention shows successful occlusion of the feeding vessel with an Amplatzer device, resulting in shrinkage and cavitation of the pseudoaneurysm.
Key takeaways
Behçet's disease is a chronic multisystem vasculitis of unknown etiology that can affect vessels of all sizes. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms, often containing in-situ thrombosis, are classic and life-threatening thoracic complications of the disease, typically seen in young males from Mediterranean or Middle Eastern regions. Management involves a combination of medical immunosuppressive therapy and endovascular interventions, such as coil or balloon embolization, to prevent rupture and hemoptysis.
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