CTICasesCF Bronchiectasis and Bronchial Hypertrophy
Imaging findings
CT and selective angiogram of a cystic fibrosis patient with severe bronchiectasis and hemoptysis show massive dilatation of the bronchial arteries and systemic collaterals (internal mammary and pericardiacophrenic arteries) supplying the upper lobe cavities.
Key takeaways
Chronic airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis leads to marked hypertrophy of the bronchial circulation. These high-pressure vessels can rupture into the airways, causing hemoptysis that requires transcatheter embolization.
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