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Disseminated MAC Infection with Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies

Imaging findings

Chest CT shows mediastinal lymphadenopathy and an upper lobe nodule with surrounding perilymphatic nodules. PET CT demonstrates intense, diffuse uptake throughout the lungs, lymph nodes, and bone marrow without destructive bone lesions, and bone marrow biopsy confirmed MAC growth.

Key takeaways

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection presenting with diffuse lymphadenopathy and bone marrow disease can be associated with autoantibodies to interferon-gamma, which mimics genetic immunodeficiencies and impairs intracellular pathogen clearance.

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