CTICasesUncorrected Ventricular Septal Defect with Bronchial Artery Aneurysm
Imaging findings
The patient presents with multiple muscular ventricular septal defects (VSDs) creating a "Swiss cheese" appearance throughout the septum. Severe pulmonary hypertension is present, accompanied by a very large, prominent bronchial artery aneurysm.
Key takeaways
Bronchial artery aneurysms are a rare but known complication of severe, long-standing pulmonary hypertension, often secondary to uncorrected congenital cardiac anomalies such as a VSD. They are a potential source of life-threatening hemoptysis and may require urgent transcatheter embolization.
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