CTICasesConstrictive Bronchiolitis
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a patient post-single lung transplant for constrictive bronchiolitis shows complete decimation and narrowing of the pulmonary vasculature of the untransplanted, native right lung, which appears hypolucent and severely volume-depleted compared to the normal left allograft.
Key takeaways
Constrictive bronchiolitis (bronchiolitis obliterans) is a form of small airway disease characterized by peribronchiolar fibrosis and luminal occlusion. In end-stage disease, severe reflex vasoconstriction and alveolar hypoxia lead to profound destruction and pruning of the pulmonary vasculature. In patients with single lung transplants, this results in nearly complete redistribution of pulmonary blood flow to the allograft.
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