CTICasesLymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia (LIP) related to HIV
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Imaging findings
CT scan shows emphysema and numerous thin-walled cysts, which are more profuse towards the lung bases and exhibit a perivascular distribution. Some areas of periseptal emphysema are also noted, particularly in the upper lobes.
Key takeaways
Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia (LIP) is an uncommon pulmonary complication of HIV, typically seen in children but can occur in adults, presenting with cystic lung changes. Differential diagnosis includes Langerhans cell histiocytosis (which has a different distribution) and residual Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia cysts. Distinguishing between LIP and emphysema can be challenging in patients with a smoking history.
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