CTICasesPulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
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Imaging findings
CT images demonstrate numerous tiny, discrete pulmonary nodules, some of which exhibit a tree-in-bud configuration or a halo sign, predominantly in the upper and middle lung zones with sparing of the costophrenic angles. A PET scan demonstrates increased FDG uptake within these nodules in a smoking patient.
Key takeaways
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a smoking-related interstitial lung disease that typically presents with a nodular and cystic pattern in the upper lung zones. Active inflammatory nodules in pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis can be highly FDG-avid, representing a potential false-positive pitfall on PET-CT that should not be misinterpreted as metastatic disease.
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