CTICasesBilateral Vagal Nerve Plexiform Neurofibromas
Imaging findings
CT and MRI chest scans show massive, symmetric, tubular soft tissue masses tracking along the courses of the bilateral vagus nerves in the superior and middle mediastinum, in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
Key takeaways
Plexiform neurofibromas are benign nerve sheath tumors pathognomonic for NF1. They can arise from the mediastinal nerves, most commonly the vagus or phrenic nerves, presenting as symmetric, multinodular, or tubular mediastinal masses that can compress the esophagus or airways, causing dysphagia.
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