CTICasesPneumomediastinum due to Scuba Diving
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Imaging findings
Radiographs showed classic signs of pneumomediastinum, including a continuous diaphragm sign and a double wall sign related to the right lateral aspect of the trachea. Air was also present in the anterior mediastinum, appearing to lift the thymus.
Key takeaways
Pneumomediastinum can be a complication of scuba diving due to pulmonary barotrauma, where air is trapped in the lungs during ascent and ruptures into the mediastinum. The imaging findings are characteristic, including air outlining mediastinal structures and dissecting into the neck. This case highlights an important non-iatrogenic cause of pneumomediastinum.
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