CTICasesEsophageal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)
Imaging findings
Chest radiography demonstrates a large mediastinal mass in the upper-to-middle chest causing significant mass effect and anterior displacement of the trachea. Contrast-enhanced CT reveals a large, well-circumscribed, lobulated, gas-and-contrast-filled mass that directly communicates with the esophageal lumen. Endoscopy demonstrates mucosal ulceration, and biopsy confirms a low-grade gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
Key takeaways
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the esophagus are extremely rare, accounting for less than one percent of all GISTs. They typically present as large, well-circumscribed, eccentric intramural masses that can ulcerate, hemorrhage, or communicate with the esophageal lumen, leading to progressive dysphagia. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment, supplemented by targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (such as imatinib) for c-KIT mutations.
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