CTICasesMulticentric Castleman Disease
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a 21-year-old male demonstrates a lobulated, highly enhancing anterior mediastinal mass in the region of the thymus, with Hounsfield measurements reaching approximately 81 HU after contrast injection. Associated prominent hyperenhancing lymph nodes are noted in the bilateral axillae and groin. Biopsy of a lymph node confirmed multicentric Castleman disease.
Key takeaways
Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that can present in a unicentric or multicentric form. On CT, the lesions typically show intense, uniform contrast enhancement due to high vascularity, which can mimic thymic neuroendocrine tumors, thymoma, or hypervascular metastases.
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