CTICasesMediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor
Imaging findings
CT chest in a 22-year-old male shows a massive, highly aggressive, heterogeneous anterior mediastinal mass invading the superior vena cava (SVC), associated with rapidly growing lung and skin metastases and highly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
Key takeaways
Mediastinal yolk sac tumors are highly malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. They occur primarily in young males and are characterized by rapid vascular invasion (SVC syndrome) and hematogenous metastases. Markedly elevated AFP is highly specific and diagnostic.
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