CTICasesPulmonary Interstitial Emphysema in Dermatomyositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Diffuse Alveolar Damage
Imaging findings
Chest CT demonstrates baseline fibrotic interstitial lung disease with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia or acute-on-chronic pattern, superimposed with diffuse alveolar damage. Extremely severe, extensive pulmonary interstitial emphysema is visible as branching, tubular tracts of air tracking along the bronchovascular bundles, alongside severe pneumomediastinum displacing the anterior mediastinum.
Key takeaways
Patients with dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease are prone to severe acute exacerbations such as diffuse alveolar damage. This can lead to profound alveolar wall fragility and spontaneous, massive pulmonary interstitial emphysema and pneumomediastinum, which can occur even in the absence of mechanical ventilation or barotrauma.
AI-assisted summary — may contain errors. Verify against the source video. Learn more
More from this webinar
- Intravascular Fat in the Pulmonary Artery (Intravascular Lipoma)Artifact
- Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Hypervascular Superior Vena Cava MassNeoplastic
- Uncorrected Type 1 Truncus ArteriosusCongenital
- Traumatic Right Subclavian Artery-to-Vein Fistula and PseudoaneurysmTrauma
- Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect and Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return with Eisenmenger SyndromeCongenital
- Overlying Hair and Deodorant/Talc Artifacts Mimicking Interstitial Lung Disease and CalcificationArtifact
- Catamenial Hemoptysis (Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome)Other
- Sarcoidosis Presenting with Uveitis and a Miliary Nodular PatternAutoimmune
See all cases from July 15, 2021 →
Related ILD cases
- Fish Antigen Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
- Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia with Residual Fibrosis
- Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE) in a Never-Smoker
- Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (UIP with Exuberant Honeycombing)
- Progressive Systemic Sclerosis with Pulmonary Ossification
- Anti-MDA5 and PL-7 Positive Amyopathic Dermatomyositis Presenting as Acute Lung Injury