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Iatrogenic Circumflex Artery Occlusion

Imaging findings

Coronary CTA in a young patient post-aortic root repair demonstrates complete occlusion and absence of a previously stented, retro-aortic left circumflex coronary artery. Cardiac MRI shows a large, corresponding perfusion defect in the circumflex territory. The patient subsequently developed severe, diffuse cerebral edema requiring surgical decompression.

Key takeaways

Occlusion of an anomalous or retro-aortic circumflex coronary artery is a recognized, catastrophic complication of aortic root or valve surgery. The artery's retro-aortic course makes it highly susceptible to compression, kinking, or direct injury during surgical suture placement or root reconstruction, leading to acute myocardial infarction, pump failure, and secondary ischemic encephalopathy.

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