CTICasesLymphadenobronchial Fistula in Sarcoidosis
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a patient with a known history of sarcoidosis demonstrates calcified mediastinal lymphadenopathy and a small pocket of gas within a calcified subcarinal lymph node, communicating via a small fistulous tract with the adjacent bronchus.
Key takeaways
A lymphadenobronchial (or broncholymphnodal) fistula is a rare complication of chronic granulomatous diseases, typically tuberculosis or histoplasmosis, but occasionally sarcoidosis. It occurs when calcified nodes undergo necrosis and erode through the bronchial wall, and is radiographically characterized by the unexpected presence of gas within a mediastinal or hilar lymph node.
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