CTICasesHHV-8 Related Multicentric Castleman Disease, Kaposi Sarcoma, and PEL
Imaging findings
CT chest in an AIDS patient shows diffuse, flame-shaped nodular thickening along the bronchovascular bundles (Kaposi sarcoma), bilateral pleural effusions (Primary Effusion Lymphoma), and extensive, hypervascular axillary and mediastinal lymphadenopathy (Castleman disease).
Key takeaways
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the common driver for three distinct lymphoproliferative and neoplastic disorders: Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman disease. These three conditions can co-exist in a single severely immunocompromised host, presenting with a complex, overlapping thoracic imaging pattern.
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