Tension Pneumothorax and Re-Expansion Edema
Imaging findings
Chest radiograph shows a large left pneumothorax with mediastinal shift to the right, diaphragmatic inversion, and rib space widening, associated with severe hypotension. Post-drainage radiographs show rapid development of ipsilateral and mild contralateral pulmonary consolidation/edema.
Key takeaways
Tension pneumothorax is a clinical emergency defined by increased intrapleural pressure causing cardiovascular collapse. Rapid evacuation of the air can lead to re-expansion pulmonary edema, which is caused by capillary leakage and local cytokine release.
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