CTICasesActive Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Cavitation
Imaging findings
CT chest shows a large, thick-walled cavity in the right upper lobe, associated with multiple centrilobular nodules in a 'tree-in-bud' distribution throughout the right lung, representing active endobronchial spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Key takeaways
The presence of a cavity in the upper lobes associated with tree-in-bud nodules is highly specific for active, infectious pulmonary tuberculosis. The tree-in-bud pattern represents impaction of infected caseous material within the small bronchioles.
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