CTICasesCombined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema
Imaging findings
CT chest shows upper-lobe-predominant centrilobular emphysema and bronchial wall thickening, along with peripheral reticulation, ground-glass opacities, and a few thin-walled cysts in the lung bases. There is no convincing honeycombing.
Key takeaways
Smoking-related lung disease can manifest as a combination of centrilobular emphysema and interstitial fibrosis (often referred to as Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema or CPFE). It can be mistaken for lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) due to the presence of occasional cysts, but the upper zone emphysema and bronchial wall changes are characteristic of chronic smoking exposure.
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