CTICasesPulmonary Artery Calcification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Imaging findings
CT chest shows modest dilation of the main pulmonary artery with extensive, smooth, layering calcification along the intima of the main and branch pulmonary arteries. Layering, non-occlusive in situ thrombi are present, with no distal occlusions.
Key takeaways
Pulmonary artery calcification is a rare sign of severe, long-standing pulmonary hypertension (typically Group 1 PAH or uncorrected congenital shunts). It reflects atherosclerotic change in the high-pressure pulmonary arterial tree. This high-pressure state also predisposes to in situ thrombus formation.
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