CTICasesMixed mediastinal germ cell tumor
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a 15-year-old male shows a large, heterogeneous prevascular mediastinal mass containing soft tissue, fat, calcification, and fluid/necrotic components. Genetic testing confirmed Klinefelter syndrome (XXY), and biopsy/resection revealed mixed yolk sac tumor and mature teratoma.
Key takeaways
Primary mediastinal non-seminomatous germ cell tumors are malignant neoplasms that occur almost exclusively in young males and are strongly associated with Klinefelter syndrome. Treatment involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection of residual mature teratoma.
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