CTICasesPneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in a Chemotherapy Patient
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Imaging findings
Chest CT demonstrates diffuse, symmetric ground-glass opacities with associated interlobular septal thickening, superimposed on bilateral basal atelectasis.
Key takeaways
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia remains a significant risk in non-HIV immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing chemotherapy for solid tumors, especially when not on prophylaxis. Diagnosis can be supported by elevated serum beta-D-glucan levels and confirmed via highly sensitive PCR testing on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, even when conventional stains fail to identify the organisms.
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