CTICasesDisseminated Mycobacterium bovis Infection
Imaging findings
Chest CT in a patient treated with intravesical BCG for bladder cancer shows diffuse, fine miliary pulmonary nodules. Brain MRI demonstrates multiple punctate enhancing lesions throughout the parenchyma and meninges, representing disseminated BCG infection with CNS involvement.
Key takeaways
Intravesical BCG therapy uses live-attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. Systemic dissemination (BCGosis) is a rare complication that can present with miliary pulmonary nodules, hepatitis, and extremely rarely, central nervous system infection.
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